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What is the practical difference between `@babel/preset-env`'s `targets` set to `"defaults"` versus a very old target like `"ie 11"`?

In this round
  1. What is the practical difference between `@babel/preset-env`'s `targets` set to `"defaults"` versus a very old target like `"ie 11"`?
  2. What does `@babel/preset-typescript` do?
  3. What is `@babel/preset-react` used for?
  4. What does `@babel/preset-env` do?
  5. What is a Babel "macro" (e.g. via `babel-plugin-macros`)?
  6. What is the main purpose of Babel?
  7. What does the `browserslist` configuration (in `package.json` or `.browserslistrc`) have to do with Babel?
  8. What is a "Babel plugin order" gotcha to be aware of when configuring multiple plugins?
  9. Why does using the "automatic" JSX runtime (`@babel/preset-react` with `runtime: "automatic"`) mean you no longer need to write `import React from "react"` in every JSX file?
  10. What is the difference between a `.babelrc` file and a `babel.config.js` (or `.json`) file?
  11. What is `@babel/plugin-transform-runtime` used for, and how does it differ from just using `@babel/polyfill` (or core-js directly) globally?
  12. Why might a modern project using Vite, esbuild, or SWC choose not to use Babel at all for its build pipeline?
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